DESKTOP AND WEB-BASED ARDMS PRACTICE EXAMS - BOOST CONFIDENCE WITH REAL AB-ABDOMEN EXAM SIMULATIONS

Desktop and Web-based ARDMS Practice Exams - Boost Confidence with Real AB-Abdomen Exam Simulations

Desktop and Web-based ARDMS Practice Exams - Boost Confidence with Real AB-Abdomen Exam Simulations

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Tags: AB-Abdomen Top Questions, New AB-Abdomen Test Practice, Brain Dump AB-Abdomen Free, AB-Abdomen Test Dumps Pdf, AB-Abdomen Pass Test Guide

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ARDMS Abdomen Sonography Examination Sample Questions (Q132-Q137):

NEW QUESTION # 132
Which congenital anomaly is characterized by the failure of the dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds to fuse?

  • A. Ectopic pancreas
  • B. Annular pancreas
  • C. Pancreas divisum
  • D. Pancreatic agenesis

Answer: C

Explanation:
Pancreas divisum occurs when the dorsal and ventral pancreatic ducts fail to fuse during embryologic development. This results in most pancreatic secretions draining through the minor papilla via the dorsal duct (duct of Santorini).
According to Rumack's Diagnostic Ultrasound:
"In pancreas divisum, the dorsal and ventral pancreatic ducts fail to fuse, resulting in separate drainage systems." Reference:
Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, Levine D. Diagnostic Ultrasound. 5th ed. Elsevier, 2017.
Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 8th ed. Wolters Kluwer, 2018.
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NEW QUESTION # 133
Based on this image, which congenital anomaly should be suspected?

  • A. Annular pancreas
  • B. Horseshoe kidney
  • C. Pancreas divisum
  • D. Supernumerary kidney

Answer: A

Explanation:
The ultrasound image demonstrates a dilated duodenum with a hypoechoic soft tissue structure encircling it.
This is a classic sonographic appearance suggestive of an annular pancreas. In annular pancreas, pancreatic tissue completely or partially encircles the second portion of the duodenum, which can lead to duodenal narrowing or obstruction.
Annular pancreas is a congenital anomaly that results from failure of the ventral pancreatic bud to rotate properly during embryologic development. As a result, pancreatic tissue encircles the duodenum. It may present in neonates with symptoms of duodenal obstruction or in adults with abdominal pain, pancreatitis, or vomiting.
Ultrasound Findings:
* Hypoechoic pancreatic tissue encircling the duodenum
* Evidence of duodenal dilatation proximal to the obstruction
* "Double bubble" sign may be seen in neonates
Differentiation from other options:
* A. Supernumerary kidney: Refers to an accessory kidney. It would be seen in the retroperitoneum and is unrelated to the duodenum or pancreas.
* B. Pancreas divisum: A ductal anomaly best diagnosed on MRCP or ERCP. It is not typically visible on conventional ultrasound.
* D. Horseshoe kidney: A renal fusion anomaly where the lower poles of the kidneys are fused. It is seen in the pelvis or lower abdomen and does not involve the duodenum or pancreas.
References:
Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, Levine D. Diagnostic Ultrasound. 5th Edition. Elsevier, 2018.
Chapter: Pancreas, pp. 269-272.
Radiopaedia.org. Annular pancreas: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/annular-pancreas AIUM Practice Parameter for the Performance of Abdominal and Retroperitoneal Ultrasound Examinations,
2020.


NEW QUESTION # 134
Which outcome would be present if the sample volume gate is larger than the examined vessel?

  • A. Spectral noise
  • B. Indeterminate flow direction
  • C. Spike turbulence
  • D. Aliasing

Answer: A

Explanation:
When the sample volume (gate) is too large, it captures signals from both the vessel and surrounding tissues or adjacent flows. This leads to a broadening of the spectral waveform and produces "spectral noise" or
"spectral broadening," reducing the accuracy of velocity measurements and waveform analysis. Aliasing results from high velocity relative to the Nyquist limit, not from gate size.
According to Zwiebel's Introduction to Vascular Ultrasound:
"Increasing the sample volume beyond the vessel size causes spectral broadening, resulting in spectral noise and inaccurate Doppler measurements." Reference:
Zwiebel WJ, Pellerito JS. Introduction to Vascular Ultrasound. 6th ed. Elsevier, 2019.
AIUM Practice Parameter for Spectral Doppler Ultrasound, 2021.
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NEW QUESTION # 135
Which condition puts the patient at greatest risk for a hematoma as a result of biopsy?

  • A. Liver disease
  • B. Acute renal failure
  • C. Infection
  • D. Hypertension

Answer: A

Explanation:
Patients with liver disease often have coagulopathy due to impaired synthesis of clotting factors. This places them at greater risk for bleeding or hematoma formation after biopsy. While hypertension may increase bleeding risk slightly, liver disease presents a significantly higher risk due to impaired coagulation.
According to the Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) guidelines:
"Liver dysfunction is a significant risk factor for post-biopsy hemorrhage due to associated coagulopathy." Reference:
SIR Consensus Guidelines for Coagulation Parameters in Image-Guided Procedures, 2019.
American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD), Practice Guidance, 2021.
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NEW QUESTION # 136
Which abnormality is depicted in this image of a patient who presents with a fever following a liver biopsy?

  • A. Hematoma
  • B. Cyst
  • C. Biloma
  • D. Abscess

Answer: D

Explanation:
The sonographic image shows a complex fluid collection within the liver parenchyma, with internal echoes and possibly septations, consistent with an abscess. In the clinical context of post-procedural fever following a liver biopsy, a liver abscess is the most likely diagnosis.
A liver abscess appears on ultrasound as a hypoechoic or complex fluid collection that may contain internal debris, septations, or gas (which may produce reverberation artifacts). These features distinguish it from other post-procedural complications.
* A cyst (Option A) typically appears as an anechoic, well-defined lesion with posterior acoustic enhancement and no internal debris-this does not match the image or clinical setting.
* A biloma (Option B) is a bile collection that can appear similar to a cyst or fluid collection but typically occurs due to bile leak; however, fever and internal complexity on ultrasound more strongly suggest abscess.
* A hematoma (Option D) may also appear complex but usually presents with pain and not fever unless secondarily infected. Over time, hematomas evolve in appearance but lack septations and gas unless superinfected.
Reference:
Rumack, Carol M., et al. Diagnostic Ultrasound.5th ed., Elsevier, 2018. Chapter: Hepatobiliary System, pp.
107-111.
American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM) Practice Parameter for the Performance of an Ultrasound Examination of the Abdomen and/or Retroperitoneum.


NEW QUESTION # 137
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